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Emilie Augusta Louise "Lizzy" Lind af Hageby (20 September 1878 – 26 December 1963) was a Swedish-British feminist and animal rights advocate who became a prominent anti-vivisection activist in England in the early 20th century.〔Hilda Kean, ("The 'Smooth Cool Men of Science': The Feminist and Socialist Response to Vivisection" ), ''History Workshop Journal'', 40, 1995 (pp. 16–38), p. 20. PMID 11608961〕 Born to a distinguished Swedish family, Lind af Hageby and another Swedish activist enrolled at the London School of Medicine for Women in 1902 to advance their anti-vivisectionist education. The women attended vivisections at University College London, and in 1903 published their diary, ''The Shambles of Science: Extracts from the Diary of Two Students of Physiology'', which accused researchers of having vivisected a dog without adequate anaesthesia. The ensuing scandal, known as the Brown Dog affair, included a libel trial, damages for one of the researchers, and rioting in London by medical students.〔Coral Lansbury, ''The Old Brown Dog: Women, Workers, and Vivisection in Edwardian England'', University of Wisconsin Press, 1985, pp. 9–11.〕 In 1906 Lind af Hageby co-founded the Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society and later ran an animal sanctuary at Ferne House in Dorset with the Duchess of Hamilton. She became a British citizen in 1912, and spent the rest of her life writing and speaking about animal protection and the link between that and feminism.〔Leah Leneman, ("The awakened instinct: vegetarianism and the women's suffrage movement in Britain" ), ''Women's History Review'', 6(2), 1997, p. 227. 〕〔Helen Rappaport, "Lind-af-Hageby, Louise," ''Encyclopedia of Women Social Reformers'', Volume 1, ABC-CLIO, 2001, p. (393 ).〕 A skilled orator, she broke a record in 1913 for the number of words uttered during a trial, when she delivered 210,000 words and asked 20,000 questions during an unsuccessful libel suit she brought against the ''Pall Mall Gazette'', which had criticized her campaigns.〔("Woman lawyer praised: Miss Lind-af-Hageby loses case, but makes court record" ), ''The New York Times'', 11 May 1913.〕 ''The Nation'' called her testimony "the most brilliant piece of advocacy that the Bar has known since the day of Russell, though it was entirely conducted by a woman."〔''The Nation and Athenæum'', Volume 13, 1913, p. (127 ).〕 ==Early life== Born into a wealthy and noble Swedish family, Lind af Hageby was the granddaughter of the chamberlain to the King of Sweden, and the daughter of Emil Lind af Hageby, a prominent lawyer. She was educated at Cheltenham Ladies College in England, which gave her access to the kind of education unavailable to most women at that time. This, combined with a private income from her family, enabled her to pursue her political activism, writing and travelling around the world to deliver lectures, first in opposition to child labour and prostitution, then in support of women's emancipation, and later animal rights.〔Mike Roscher, ("Louise Lind-af-Hageby, die kosmopolitische Tierrechtlerin" ), www.tier-im-fokus.ch, 19 December 2010.〕 Lisa Gålmark writes that Lind af Hageby took to the streets, organizing rallies and speeches, when women of her class were expected to stay at home embroidering.〔Lisa Gålmark, "Women Antivivisectionists, The Story of Lizzy Lind af Hageby and Leisa Schartau," in ''Animal Issues'', 4(2), 2000 (pp. 1–32), p. 2.〕 When Lind af Hageby spoke to the Glasgow Vegetarian Society in 1914, a ''Daily Mail'' journalist reported that he had expected to find a "square jawed, high browed, slightly angular, and severely and intellectually frugal looking" woman, but instead found "a pretty, little, plump woman, with kind brown eyes, eyes that twinkle ... She was not even dowdy and undecorative. Her blue dress was ... pretty as anyone could wish." He wrote that he was "almost converted to vegetarianism" by her "straight, hard logic."〔(Leneman 1997 ), p. 286, n. 49.〕 After college Lind af Hageby spent time in Paris in 1900, where she and a Swedish friend, Leisa Katherine Schartau, visited the Pasteur Institute.〔Peter Mason, ''The Brown Dog Affair: The Story of a Monument that Divided a Nation'', Two Sevens Publishing, 1997, p. 8.〕 They were distressed by the vivisection they saw there, and when they returned to Sweden joined the ''Nordiska samfundet till bekämpande av det vetenskapliga djurplågeriet'' (the Nordic Anti-Vivisection Society). Lind af Hageby became its honorary chair in 1901. In 1902 the women decided to enrol at the London School of Medicine for Women to gain the medical education they needed to train themselves as anti-vivisection activists.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lizzy Lind af Hageby」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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